… known about the human zona pellucida. Finally, we will present genetic approaches available
in the mouse that could be used to further evaluate zona pellucida structure and function. …

… disrupt the formation of the zona pellucida by introducing an insertional mutation into Zp3 in
… been used to establish a Zp3 −/− mutant mouse line in which females lack a zona pellucida. …

… Fertility in female mammals, including mice and humans, is dependent on the presence of
a zona pellucida (ZP… Exons subject to mutations that caused infertility are marked by an X. …

BACKGROUND Infertility is a major issue in human reproductive health, affecting an estimated
15% of couples worldwide. Infertility can result from disorders of sex development (DSD) …

… variants in two infertile sisters in a family with a thin zona pellucida (ZP) phenotype. … a
Expression and location of the mutant protein in mouse oocytes. Oocytes microinjected with RNase-…

… However, recent advances in molecular biology and genetics … Females homozygous for
the mutation are infertile. Their … mouse ZP3 inhibits sperm binding to the zona pellucida and …

… A heterozygous missense mutation in exon-3 of hZP1 was identified in an infertile patient …
Harvard Medical School, Roche Institute of Molecular Biology, and Icahn School of Medicine at …

… that are associated with varying degrees of abnormal folliculogenesis and infertility. Female
mice with a Zp1-null mutation maintain a zona pellucida around their growing oocytes and …

… genetic analysis in the patients with female infertility due to abnormal zona pellucida and …
The mouse zona pellucida is composed of three glycoproteins—mZP1, mZP2, and mZP3. …

… Mice with a homozygous null mutant of Zp2 or Zp3 are infertile but could possess oocytes
that lack a ZP … Abnormal organization in the ZP may result in abnormal oocyte–cumulus cell …